TED演讲者：Reshma Saujani / Reshma Saujani
(资料图片)
演讲标题：How to reimagine society for working parents / 如何为工作的父母重新构想社会
内容概要：The pandemic brought into sharp focus the crisis in caregiving in the United States, which woefully under provides support for parents. Activist and Girls Who Code founder Reshma Saujani has a proposal to address that -- something she calls the Marshall Plan for Moms -- and she unpacks how it aims to build radically different systems in order to empower working parents. (This conversation, hosted by TED current affairs curator Whitney Pennington Rodgers, was part of an exclusive T...
疫情让美国的照管危机浮上台面成为焦点，父母能取得的支援非常不足。活动家以及「程式女孩」的创办人瑞许玛?沙哈尼针对这个问题，有一个提案，她称之为「母亲复兴计画」，她会说明这个计画如何能建立非常不同的体制，赋权给在职家长。（本谈话的主持人是TED的时事策展人惠妮?潘宁顿?罗杰斯，本谈话是2022年3月23日的TED会员活动的一部分。
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【1】I found myself in the pandemic with two little kids, working full time.
我的处境是:在疫情期间, 有两个年幼的孩子, 做全职工作。
【2】And Girls Who Code got a Super Bowl ad, I mean, we were on top of the world.
我的组织「程式女孩」上了 超级杯广告,我们一帆风顺。
【3】And the pandemic hit and I found myself having to go back to work, take care of a newborn homeschool a six-year-old, you know, and save my global nonprofit from being shut down.
接着,疫情来袭。 我发现我得回去工作, 照顾一个新生儿, 拯救我的非营利全球组织免于倒闭。
【4】And I think my entire leadership team was mostly working parents, working moms, and many of us were saying, "Well, when the schools open, everything will be okay."
我的整个领导团队成员 大多数都是在工作的家长, 在工作的母亲, 我们很多人在说:「等学校开放, 一切就会没事了。」
【5】And when the schools didn't open and they came up with this idea of hybrid learning, you just saw millions of women being pushed out of the labor force.
当学校没有开放,他们想出了 「混合学习」这个点子, 你就会看到数百万名女性被迫脱离劳动力。
【6】So we lost, you know, again, decades of progress in nine months.
所以,我们再次 失去了数十年的进展,
【7】And the reason why women had to leave the workforce was because half of our daycare centers were shut down.
女性必须要脱离劳动力的原因是因为 有一半的日间托儿所都关闭了。
【8】When you relied on elderly parents to come in and help you with caretaking work, they were no longer there or available because everyone was terrified of this pandemic.
如果你要仰赖你年迈的父母 前来协助你照顾孩子, 他们已经不在了,或无法幫忙, 因为人人都害怕疫情。
【9】You know, for far too long, Americans have always paid more for their childcare than they pay for their mortgage.
太长久以来,美国人花在 儿童照管上的钱都多于 花在抵押贷款上的钱。
【10】It is the largest cost center of families.
儿童照管是家庭最大的成本中心。
【11】And so when there were no kind of, available centers of care, women, who were already doing two thirds of the caretaking work, had to supplement basically, their paid labor for unpaid labor.
当找不到托儿所时, 本来就已经在做 三分之二照顾工作的女性 基本上,除了有薪的劳务 之外也得做无薪的劳务。
【12】And you just, again, saw decades of progress just vanish overnight.
于是,再一次,又看到数十年的进展 在一夕之间化为乌有。
【13】Now, some people thought, well, you know, once the country gets back up on its feet and we open things up, everything will be fine.
有些人会想,嗯, 等国家重新站起来并开放 之后,一切就会没事了。
【14】Well, two years later, men have fully recovered all of their job losses.
嗯,两年后, 男性在工作上的损失 都完全弥补回来了。
【15】Women are still missing.
女性却仍然没回来。
【16】And, you know, the latest labor statistics does not account for the amount of women who have downshifted their careers, who have said, "Oh, I'm working full time, I got to work part time now,"
最新的劳动统计 并没有计算到某些女性, 她们的职涯上得放慢脚步, 她们说:「喔,我在做全职, 我现在得去打工了。」
【17】because, again, half of daycare centers are still shut down.
因为,同样的, 有一半的托儿所都关闭。
【18】Schools are still kind of inconsistent.
学校仍然不一致。
【19】We still have a broken structure of care.
我们的照管体制仍然很糟糕。
【20】And so for me, you know, Girls Who Code, I've been spending 10 years telling girls to like, barnstorm the corner office and lean in real hard and you know, girl-boss their way to the top.
所以,对我来说,「程式女孩」, 我这十年来一直告诉女孩 去老板办公室宣传自己, 全心投入,像个女性 表率一路向上爬。
【21】And so I bought in to that sentiment, well, if you just worked harder, if you just tried more, you got a mentor, a sponsor, or you learned how to color-code your calendar, like, we would get to equality.
我买帐相信这个说法, 如果你更努力, 如果你尝试更多, 找个导师或赞助者, 或学习把日历做颜色标记, 我们就能实现平等。
【22】And the pandemic taught me that that was all a lie, that I had been focused, that we had been focused on the wrong thing, and that we actually have to stop trying to fix women and fix the structure.
而疫情教了我一件事:这全是谎言。 我一直把焦点,我们一直把焦点 我们得停止再继续去改正女性, 该改正的是结构。
【23】And the structures that allow women to work and be a mother have always been broken.
让女性能同时工作和扮演母亲的结构 一直都有问题。
【24】We've been the only industrialized nation that doesn't offer paid leave.
我们是唯一不提供 有薪假的工業化国家。
【25】We've built workplaces around a nine-to-five schedule when schools were open eight to three.
我们根据九点到五点的 时间表来建立工作场所, 学校上课时间却是八点到三点。
【26】We've always been having to balance it all, i.e. having to do it all.
状况一直都是必须要平衡所有的事, 也就是,要做所有的事。
【27】And so we were never going to get to equality until we started fixing the structure.
所以我们永远不会达到平等, 除非我们去改正结构。
【28】And quite frankly, I think the abortion debate is part of that structural conversation.
且,坦白说,我认为关于堕胎的辩论 也是对于结构进行谈话的一部分。
【29】You don't give control over women's ...
你不能去控制女性的……
【30】you know, about their ability how and when to have a child, you take away their ability, quite frankly, to work on their terms.
她们的能力,如何生孩子 以及何时生孩子, 坦白说,你是夺走她们 照自己的意愿来工作的能力。
【31】Whitney Pennington Rodgers: What is the "Marshall Plan for Moms"
惠妮:「母亲复兴计画」 是什么？
【32】and where are we right now with it?
目前进度如何？
【33】RS: We need the government and the private sector, everybody, quite frankly, to re-imagine women in the workplace.
瑞许玛:我们需要政府 及私部门,其实是所有人, 来重新构想工作场所的女性。
【34】And so when I talk to moms about what it is that they needed, you know, to be able to, again, reconcile those two identities as the caretaker and as a worker, you know, I kind of heard the same thing.
当我和母亲们谈 她们需要什么, 才能够再次调解这两个身分:照顾者 以及工作者。 我听过类似的,并不是……
【35】And it wasn't not that "Wow."
并不是那种「哇」,
【36】Like, it was obvious.
好像很明显似的。
【37】Moms said, you know, “I need paid leave.” We're, like I said, the only industrialized nation that doesn't offer paid leave.
母亲说:「我需要有薪假。」 我刚才说过, 我们是唯一 不提供有薪假的工業化国家。
【38】Right?
对吧？
【39】Affordable childcare.
平价儿童照管,
【40】We don't have it in this country.
在我们国家里没有。
【41】The average American gets about 500 dollars you know, in childcare benefits.
美国人平均可以得到大约 五百美金的儿童照管津贴。
【42】The average, in industrialized nation, parent gets 15,000.
在工業化国家,父母平均 可以得到一万五千美金。
【43】So we are woefully under providing support for parents in this country.
很感伤的是,我们在这个国家里提供给父母的支持很不足。
【44】School closures.
学校关闭。
【45】You know, I find that decision so interesting, I want somebody to do, like an investigative report, right?
我觉得那决策很有意思, 让我想要找人来做一份调查报告。
【46】Because, you know, one of the interesting things in America is that we have these things called time and leave studies.
在美国,一件很有意思的事情就是 我们有所谓的时间与请假分析。
【47】So when the policy decision was made to close schools, we had enough time, enough data to say, well, who's doing the homeschooling?
当决定要关闭学校的政策推出时, 我们有足够的时间、 足够的资料,可以知道 谁要在家教孩子、
【48】Who is this going to affect?
这会影响到谁？
【49】What worker is this going to affect?
这会影响到哪些工作者？
【50】And so we knew, policymakers knew that the ramifications of school closures would dramatically affect women and it wouldn't touch, as it didn't, men's labor.
所以我们知道,政策制订者知道, 关闭学校的延伸效应会 且不会动到男性的 劳务,
【51】And they did it.
也的确如此。
【52】Now, other nations across the globe, the UK, other you know, they didn't close the schools.
政策还是推出了,而全球其他国家,英国和其他国家, 它们没有关闭学校。
【53】They approached it from a different perspective, right?
它们从不同的观点来处理。
【54】Or if they closed schools, they had a plan on what they were going to do to support women, to bring them back.
或者,如果它们要关闭学校, 也会有计画, 规划要怎么做才能 支持女性,让她们能回来。
【55】And so, school closures were part of this Marshall Plan for Moms.
所以,学校关闭是 母亲复兴计画的一部分。
【56】Retraining.
再教育。
【57】Many women found themselves in jobs that were automated because of the pandemic and jobs that weren't going to come back.
许多女性发现她们的工作 因为疫情而被自动化了, 这些那些是回不来的。
【58】And so what was the plan to do retraining since we know again, so many women in this country are the breadwinners of their families.
所以,再教育的计画是什么？ 因为我们知道,同样的, 这个国家中有许多女性
【59】So when they lose their job, the entire family suffers.
若她们失業了,全家都会很辛苦。
【60】So that was the Marshall Plan for Moms.
那就是母亲复兴计画。
【61】We put out a full page ad in "The New York Times"
我们在《纽约时报》打了全版广告,
【62】to President Biden saying, "In your first 100 days, as you think about what you should focus on, focus on moms, focus on women."
对拜登总统喊话: 「在你的前一百天,当你在思索 把焦点放在母亲,放在女性上。」
【63】And, you know, that turned into a couple pieces of legislation.
结果是产生了几条法规,
【64】Now two years later, Whitney, we haven't passed the Marshall Plan for Moms.
而两年后的现在,惠妮, 我们尚未通过母亲复兴计画。
【65】And what I mean by that is we haven't passed any of the tenets.
我是指,我们尚未 通过任何教条原则。
【66】We haven't passed paid leave, we haven't passed affordable childcare, and we let the child tax credit expire.
我们尚未通过有薪假, 我们尚未通过平价儿童照管, 且子女税额抵减也终止了。
【67】So we've bailed out airlines.
所以,我们幫航空公司摆脱了困境。
【68】But we haven’t bailed out moms.
但我们尚未幫母亲摆脱困境。
【69】And, you know, for me as an activist, as a social entrepreneur, looking at this is devastating, because in many ways, you're waiting for Congress to grow a heart.
而我这个活动主义者,社会企業家,光是看着这个状况 就让我心力交瘁。 因为在许多层面上, 你是在等国会长出良心来。
【70】You know, if there was ever going to be a moment in the history of our country to pass paid leave, for us to see, wow, what would have happened?
如果在我们国家历史上会有一个时刻 在我们有生之年 能看到有薪假被通过, 哇,那会是怎样的？
【71】How many, few[er] millions of people would have died from COVID had they had paid leave, paid sick days?
因为新冠肺炎而过世的人 会少几百万个, 如果他们当初能请有薪假,
【72】Had we approached this differently.
如果我们用不同的方法……
【73】If there was ever a moment for reflection for contemplation for courage, it was now.
如果说有任何时刻 是我们应该要反省、沉思、 鼓起勇气, 那就是现在。
【74】And we didn't see it from our elected officials.
我们在民选官员的身上没看到这些。
【75】And the reality is, we can't leave millions of women behind.
而现实是,我们不能抛弃数百万名女性。
【76】And so we've really, at Marshall Plan for Moms, turned to the private sector.
所以在母亲复兴计画, 我们转向了私部门。
【77】And I believe in the private sector.
而我相信私部门。
【78】You know, when I built Girls Who Code, all of the money we raised was from the private sector.
当我创建程式女孩时, 我们募到的钱全是来自私部门。
【79】And we ended up teaching half a million kids to code.
最后让我们能教导 五十万名孩子写程式,
【80】So the private sector, when it gets its arms around a problem, can really innovate and can really help solve it.
所以,当私部门 完全了解一个问题时, 就真的能够创新, 能够协助解决,而我认为
【81】And I think the opportunity we have here now, Whitney, is with the great resignation and the fact that there are so many open jobs, it has become a seller's market for employees.
我们现在拥有的机会,惠妮, 就是大离职潮, 以及有许多开放工作的这个事实, 这已经变成是员工的卖方市场了。
【82】And so if there's ever been a moment to say, hey, we need to start providing childcare benefits and maybe even subsidizing people's childcare, that's the way we actually solve it.
如果说有什么时候要说,嘿, 我们得要开始提供儿童照管净贴, 可能甚至要补助人民的儿童照管, 那就是我们真正解决 这个问题的方法。
【83】This is an economic problem, not a personal problem.
这是个经济问题,不是个人问题。
【84】The moment for that conversation is now.
现在就是该进行谈话的时候了。
【85】WPR: Reshma, we have a question here from a TED Member, they ask, "The pandemic has showed that women do an extra shift of work, most of the heavy lifting at home, and upon returning to work, playing the role of the emotional aunt in the workplace.
惠妮:瑞许玛,我们这里有 一个来自 TED 会员的问题, 问的是「疫情让我们看到 女性会要做额外的工作, 在家要做大部分搬重物的 劳务,回到工作上时, 扮演工作场所的情绪阿姨角色。
【86】What should allyship look like now in order to support women as we come out of the pandemic?"
现在渐渐脱离疫情,支持女性的 盟友关系应该是什么样子的？
【87】RS: Talk about unpaid labor.
瑞许玛:说到无薪劳务,
【88】You know, what about all the unpaid labor women do at work?
那女性在工作时做的无薪劳务呢？
【89】Who organizes the Christmas party or the Hanukkah party?
谁来安排圣诞节派对？或光明节派对？
【90】Or the book clubs or the speakers or the D and I sessions?
或读书会？或讲者？或多元共融课程？
【91】It’s always women, women of color, and we don’t get paid for that.
总是有色人种的女性来做,
【92】That's not part of our performance review, that's not part of our compensation package.
那些都不纳入表现评鉴, 不纳入补偿方案。
【93】But we do it.
但我们得做,
【94】And quite frankly, when we don't do it, we're penalized.
且, 坦白说, 若我们不做,就会有所不利,
【95】I'll never forget, I was talking to a bunch of CIA agents, CIA agents, and one of them had just had a baby.
我印象很深 有次我和一些中情局干员谈, 其中一人刚生了孩子。
【96】And she said, "You know, Reshma, that year, I did not organize the office Christmas party.
她说:「你知道吗, 瑞许玛, 那年我没有安排办公室的圣诞节派对。
【97】And that was also the year that I -- it was the only year -- I didn't get promoted.
也就只有那一年, 我没有升迁。
【98】And I can't prove it, but I know it was because I didn't plan the Christmas party."
我无法证明, 但我知道原因是我没有 规划圣诞节派对。」
【99】So there's also this expectation when we don't do that unpaid labor at work, that we're not productive, that we're not committed.
所以,也会有一种预期, 若我们不去做那些无薪的劳务, 我们就没有生产力,不够投入。
【100】You know, so I think really having a conversation about how we value that labor is critical.
因此,我认为,真正去谈我们要如何 重视这些劳务是非常重要的。
【101】WPR: One TED Member asks, “If it’s a buyer’s market for employees, what do you think women should ask for first from their employers when it comes to to better benefits?
惠妮:有位 TED 会员问 「如果这是员工的卖方市场, 你认为,若要更好的福利, 女性应该先向雇主要求什么？
【102】Is there one sticking thing that you think really we should be focusing on?"
有没有一件很关键的事,是你认为 我们应该要着重的？」
【103】RS: So what is happening is, and I think especially in this movement about transparency in pay, I think has really started to really shift some of the gender gap.
瑞许玛:现状是, 我认为特别是在这场 关于薪水透明化的运动中, 我认为性别落差真的 开始有所改变了。
【104】And so women, I think, are going in and saying, you know, "I want to make more" or "How much are you paying him?"
所以,我认为女性会跑来说 「我想要赚更多」 或「你付他多少钱？」
【105】And it's actually translating into higher earnings for them.
这就会转变成她们更高的收入。
【106】So I think when it comes to moms, I think three things.
就母亲来说,我会思考三点。
【107】So one of the things is we all have to get very clear about what the pay gap is about.
其中之一,是我们得要讲清楚 薪资落差是怎么一回事。
【108】Now, the pay gap is not about gender, and it's not even about care work.
薪资落差与性别无关, 与照顾工作无关,
【109】It's about mothers.
重点是母亲。
【110】The reason why there is a gender gap in pay is the pay gap between mothers and fathers.
薪资之所以会有性别落差的原因, 是因为母亲和父亲之间的薪资落差。
【111】In fact, the largest pay gap exists between mothers and childless women.
事实上,最大的薪资落差存在于 母亲和没有孩子的女性之间。
【112】And so we have got to, once and for all, close the pay gap.
所以我们得要一劳永逸地 除去薪资落差。
【113】So, for example, if you leave the workforce to have a child or take a break or whatever it is, you lose on average 40 percent of your income.
举例来说, 如果你离开劳动力,去生孩子, 或休息一下,诸如此类, 你平均会失去 40% 的收入。
【114】The good news now is that there's algorithms and people that can come in and literally root out the motherhood penalty.
好消息是,现在有演算法了, 你可以直接去把母职惩罚给根除。
【115】So the number one thing is, is when you go in there and you ask, you want to know what he is making.
所以,第一件事是,你走进去,你去问, 你想要知道他赚多少钱。
【116】You know what I mean, and you want to make the same or more.
你知道我的意思的, 且你想要赚一样多或更多。
【117】I think the second thing is, is we have to start asking for our companies to pay for childcare benefits.
我认为第二件事是我们得要开始 要求我们的公司支付儿童照管津贴。
【118】The reality is, the childcare business model is broken.
现实是,儿童照管的 商業模型有问题。
【119】You know, we don’t pay childcare -- we pay zookeepers more than we pay childcare workers.
我们付给动物园管理员的钱 都比儿童照管人员的钱还多。
【120】And so they don't make enough.
他们赚的钱不够。
【121】Now, that's why they're not coming back to work, and there's so many open childcare positions because the pay is not just, and so we have to figure out --
那就是为何他们不回来工作, 有好多儿童照管的职缺。 因为薪资不公正, 所以,我们得想办法——
【122】So the government was supposed to, by creating a ceiling on what you would pay in childcare expenses, was supposed to be able to help close that gap and help families offset the cost.
所以,政府应该要, 藉由设定儿童照管收费上限, 来协助减少那落差, 并协助家庭把那成本补回来。
【123】Now, the government, Congress has said sorry, not sorry, not passing the bill, right?
而政府、国会说,一点也不抱歉, 不通过法案。
【124】So the private sector is the only other institution that can come in here and fix the model.
所以,其他机构团体中, 也只有私部门可以 能够介入并把模型改正。
【125】When the private sector starts saying, "OK, we are going to start offering childcare subsidies, backup care, emergency care, we're going to build daycare centers,
当私部门开始说: 「好,我们会开始提供 儿童照管补助、 备援照管、紧急照管, 我们要成立日间照管中心,
【126】when they basically take responsibility for fixing the business model, what's going to happen is a lot of entrepreneurs are going to come into the space, and the market is going to become efficient.
当他们从根本上扛起责任 会发生的状况就是,有许多企業家 会进入到这个空间来, 市场也会变得有效率。
【127】So this needs to happen.
所以这必须要实现。
【128】So I think it's very important for moms, women, allies, everybody to come in and say, "What are your childcare benefits?"
所以,我认为,非常重要的是, 大家都要来说: 「你的儿童照管福利是什么？」
【129】We have a study coming out which will show, with McKinsey, probably next week, which will basically prove the case that this is the number one thing that parents want.
我们和麦肯锡合作了一项研究, 可能下周会公布, 基本上,它会证明 这是父母们
【130】And this will be a driver of who they work for and who they don't work for.
这会影响到他们要 为谁工作,或不为谁工作。
【131】So it makes business sense if you care about attrition, if you care about, again, the four million people that are leaving every month.
所以在商業上是合理的, 如果你在乎流失,如果你在乎, 再说一次,每个月有四百万人离开。
【132】The way to retain them, the way to win that talent war is to provide childcare.
留住他们的方式, 就是提供儿童照管。
【133】WPR: There’s a question from TED Member Charlotte about a women’s general strike.
惠妮:TED 会员夏洛特 想要问女性的全面罢工。
【134】What do you think about that?
你有什么看法？
【135】RS: Oh, I love it, the Iceland strike, oh my God, yes.
瑞许玛:喔,我很爱, 冰岛罢工,天,是的,
【136】Because, listen, I think that what happened in Iceland essentially is women didn't go to work, they didn't get on a train, they didn't make breakfast for their partners and the entire country shut down.
因为,我认为冰岛 发生的状况基本上是 女性没有去上班,她们没有上火车, 她们没有为另一半做早餐, 整个国家就停止运转了。
【137】And that year they passed a really progressive law on pay equity and they got more women in elective office.
那年,他们通过了一项 关于薪资平等的革新法案, 他们让更多女性担任选任职位。
【138】But it was an eye opener for people like, oh, wow, we really can't function, you know what I mean, without women's participation.
但大家真正开了眼界,发现, 喔,原来我们会无法运作, 我们不能没有女性的参与。
【139】WPR: I'm curious what you think is the thing that will ultimately motivate us to actually make it happen.
惠妮:我很好奇,你认为是什么 最终会驱使我们去 实现这些？
【140】What do you see as the thing that's going to make the tide finally change?
你认为是什么最后能够让浪潮改变？
【141】RS: I think we have to build radically different systems.
瑞许玛:我认为我们得要 建立非常不一样的体制。
【142】That's why I'm obsessed with the workplace, because I think the workplace is an example of how we have to resist going back to the old normal, because there’s actually alignment.
那就是为什么我很关注工作场所, 因为我认为,工作场所是个例子, 能说明我们为什么得要 抗拒回到过去的常态, 因为,其实有校正。
【143】Nobody wants to go back to that old workplace.
没有人想再回去以前的工作场所。
【144】Not men, not trans people, not, you know, nonbinary, not my people of color, like, nobody, that wasn't working for anybody.
男性不想,变性人不想, 非二元性别的人不想, 有色人种也不想,那种 工作场所对任何人都行不通。
【145】You know, that hustle culture, you know that idea that you give everything, you work 80 hours a week and you just like, fall apart, your mental health.
那种催赶的文化, 你要付出一切的那种观念, 一周得工作八十小时, 你的心理健康会整个被搞坏。
【146】I mean, we can't go back to that.
我们不能走上回头路。
【147】You know, we can't go back to that.
我们不能走上回头路。
【148】And so this is our first test.
这是我们的第一个考验。
【149】Are we up for building something new collectively, you know, that will serve all of us and will bring us to a place where I think we can all heal and have a little bit more time.
我们是否准备好一起建造新气象, 对大家都好,并能为所有人带来疗愈, 并有多一点点时间。
【150】You know, it's very hard to be empathetic and to be brave when you're exhausted.
要知道,当你累坏的时候, 很难有同理心也很难勇敢。
【151】And I think people are really exhausted right now.
我认为大家现在都累坏了。
【152】I think the second is, I do this, I think we’ve got to keep talking to people who don’t agree with us.
我认为第二点是, 我们必须要持续和 不认同我们的人对话。
【153】You know, my favorite audiences to talk about "Pay Up" are men.
你知道我最喜欢和什么人 谈「加薪」吗？男人。
【154】And people always say to me, "Well, how do you convince the men?"
大家总会问:「你怎么说服男人？」
【155】I'm like, no, the men are with me, with us.
我会说,不,男人和我, 和我们站在同一阵线。
【156】We think they're not, but they are.
我们以为不是,但其实是。
【157】And so it’s everyone’s perspective: "The reason why we don't have these things in this book is because of men."
这是大家的观点: 「我们之所以没有这些, 都是因为男人。」
【158】No, it's not because of men.
不不不,不是因为男人。
【159】You know what I mean, that's not the problem.
你懂我的意思的,那不是问题所在。
【160】It's because of the power and the way that we've traditionally created workplaces.
原因是权力, 以及我们传统上 建立工作场所的方式。
【161】So you also then, when you talk to people who you think are not your allies or who you think may be against you, you sometimes are surprised.
所以当你去跟你以为不是盟友的人, 或可能会反对你的人谈谈, 有时可能会很惊讶。
【162】I mean, it's the same thing with Girls Who Code, it's like, 40 percent of my teachers are men.
程式女孩也是如此, 我们有 40% 的老师是男性。
【163】So that's how you build movements.
那就是创建运动的方式。
【164】And for me as a social entrepreneur building my second movement, you know, with Marshall Plan for Moms, that is a big lesson that I learned.
身为社会企業家,这是 我创建的第二个运动, 母亲复兴计画, 我从中学到很重要的一课,
【165】Is that you can't keep talking to the converted.
就是,你不能一直 和改变想法的人谈,
【166】We've got to convert.
我们得改变想法。
【167】[Get access to thought-provoking events you won't want to miss.]
[参与发人深省的活动, 错过就太可惜了。]
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